Gilliam County is located in the north-central portion of Oregon and is part of the Columbia River Plateau region. As of July 2019, the county had an estimated population of 1,705. The county seat is Condon.

Gilliam County is part of the Pendleton–Hermiston, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area.

The county is governed by a three-member Board of Commissioners, who are elected to four-year terms. The Treasurer, Assessor, and Sheriff are also elected to four-year terms. The county court consists of one judge and two commissioners who are elected to six-year terms. The Administrative Officer of the County is appointed by the Board of Commissioners.

The US Post office serves Condon and Arlington. The county is served by State Highways 19, 206 and 267.

Tourist attractions include the John Day Fossil Beds National Monument and The Painted Hills, lakes and wildlife areas, as well as various small town annual festivals.

For the most up-to-date and in-depth information, please check the public records links below.