Lawrence County is located in the north-central part of New York State, along the St. Lawrence River. It is bordered by Jefferson County to the west, Oswego County to the east, and Lewis County to the south. The county has a total area of 1,814 square miles, and a population of 111,944 as of the 2020 census. The county seat is Canton.

Lawrence County is governed by a Board of Legislators, which consists of 21 members. The Board is responsible for enacting laws, setting the budget, and overseeing the county's departments. The county is divided into seven legislative districts, each of which is represented by three legislators.

The county is headed by an elected County Executive, who is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the county. The County Executive is assisted by a Deputy County Executive and a staff of department heads.

The county is also served by an elected Sheriff, who is responsible for law enforcement and corrections.

The county is home to several state parks, including Robert Moses State Park, Selkirk Shores State Park, and Higley Flow State Park. The county is also home to the St. Lawrence Seaway, which connects the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean.

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